電纜橋架的發展前景探討

 
 
 
    根據目前的情況來看，由于市場需求，幾乎每個電纜橋架生產企業都忙得熱火朝天，但是每個企業所獲得的利潤并不樂觀，如果橋架行業還是按照原有模式生產，利潤將會越來越小，橋架產業需要尋求新的利潤增長點，來順應目前的形勢和整個產業能夠更好地發展。電纜橋架產品的市場行情決定了訂貨單價不會有較大幅度的上揚，甚至還會有下挫的可能。在這種情況下，怎樣才能夠獲得較高的利潤，使生產企業和整個產業走上良性發展的軌道呢？利潤 = 銷售收入 - 成本 - 稅金 - 相關管理費用，由此可見，在銷售收入一定的情況下，只有通過降低成本、稅金、相關管理費用的方法來提高利潤。而其中稅金是不能降低的，相關管理費用的降低是通過企業質量管理體系的良好運行來實現的，文中探討的是通過降低成本來提高產品利潤的可行性，當然，降低成本的前提是保持產品的質量水平。成本主要是由原材料成本和制造成本組成，制造成本包括生產設備成本、生產過程中人力資源成本等。設備投資是必須的，工人工資是不能隨意降低的，可見制造成本的降低幅度是有限的，因此只能在降低原材料成本上想辦法，可是，降低原材料成本又不能降低產品質量水平，這就必須進行技術革新，尋求新的生產技術和產品形式。前面提到，電纜橋架的兩個重要指標：電纜橋架的承載能力應滿足工作均布載荷小于額定均布載荷，電纜橋架應能適應不同的環境要求和有較長的使用壽命。因此，應該從這兩方面來考慮如何降低成本。
    從電纜橋架的承載能力方面考慮。降低電纜橋架的成本，首先就是降低所用板材的厚度，如何使電纜橋架選用低厚度板材即可滿足原有承載能力要求，或選用原有厚度板材可以滿足更高承載電纜橋架的現狀與發展前景電工電氣    (2009 No.2)能力要求將是解決這個問題的關鍵。下面，針對不同的電纜橋架進行具體分析：
(1) 鋼制電纜橋架。因為型材的結構強度要高于普通的平面板材，因此可以使用機拉或壓制工藝，改變電纜橋架的平面板材形狀，以提高強度。例如將電纜橋架主體結構中底板、幫邊、蓋板均采用瓦楞結構，或壓制出類似履帶的塊狀凹凸結構，使電纜橋架的強度增大。同時散熱面積增大，其構造便于透氣和熱交換，也降低了電纜橋架內敷設電纜的能量損耗。該種結構選用低厚度板材即可滿足原有承載能力要求，這將大量降低原材料的使用量。目前，這兩種工藝均有廠家進行了嘗試，且都有較好的使用效果。如果沿著這個方向進一步研究，將來應該還會有更加新型的電纜橋架產生。另外，對于內敷設電纜較少、電纜較輕的場所，可以采用鋼網制造替代鋼質板材，該種結構裝配靈活，適用于各種安裝情況，便于空氣流通且能有效減少電磁干擾的影響。這種鋼網電纜橋架極大地降低了原材料的使用，有效地控制了原材料成本。
(2) 鋁合金電纜橋架。鋁合金電纜橋架因為其本身就是采用鋁合金型材制造，結構強度還是比較高的，為了進一步提高其強度，可以在橋架梯邊、橫檔等部位采用鋼質加強筋進行加固，這樣就可以當降低板材厚度等級。
(3)玻璃鋼電纜橋架。玻璃鋼電纜橋架因為受到自身玻璃鋼材質性能的影響，承載、抗扭、抗拉能力與鋼制電纜橋架相比都有一定的差距，但因為其高耐腐的特點在化工等行業的運用非常廣泛，為了提高強度，可以借鑒鋁合金電纜橋架的形式，將四條邊設計成空心型材結構，并可以內襯鋼筋，與原有結構相比，在消耗相同原材料的情況下，達到提高結構強度，提高抗扭、抗拉能力的目的。其次，從電纜橋架適應不同的環境要求和使用壽命來考慮。這一點，主要是針對鋼制電纜橋架進行的考慮。鋼制電纜橋架根據橋架的耐腐蝕等級目前主要采用熱浸鍍鋅、熱固性粉末靜電噴涂、電鍍鋅等表面處理方式。以1.5 mm板材制造的鋼制電纜橋架為例，不同形式的表面處理價格分別為：熱浸鍍鋅3 000 元/t熱固性粉末靜電噴涂800 元/t，電鍍鋅800 元/t。經過48 h中性鹽霧試驗后，熱浸鍍鋅表面光澤稍變暗，顏色稍褪但鍍層無腐蝕點；熱固性粉末靜電噴涂表面涂層的色澤有明顯變化，但無氣泡等缺陷，底金屬無銹點；電鍍鋅表面色澤有明顯變化，鍍層局部有少量腐蝕點(產生腐蝕點的面積小于或等于50 %)，底金屬無銹點。目前北京和沈陽分別有公司研制出高耐腐氣相緩蝕 (VCI) 雙金屬復合涂層和高耐腐雙金屬涂層技術，并在其它金屬表面處理場合進行了廣泛運用，高耐腐氣相緩蝕雙金屬復合涂層經 750 h 中性鹽霧試驗，樣品表面無明顯變化，高耐腐雙金
屬涂層經 240 h 中性鹽霧試驗，涂層表面色澤有變，但無氣泡等缺陷，底金屬無銹點，與普通表面處理的差異可見一斑。目前已分別有企業將這兩項技術試用于電纜橋架的生產中，1.5 mm 板材制造的鋼制電纜橋架進行這兩種表面處理價格僅僅是 2 500 元 /t 左右。如果將該兩項技術廣泛運用于電纜橋架的生產中，再根據不同的環境條件調節涂層厚度，將能夠大幅度降低電纜橋架表面處理的成本。目前，金屬表面處的工藝正在不斷革新，將其中合適的技術與電纜橋架生產相結合，必將在提高產品質量的同時有效控制產品成本。

According to the current situation, due to the market demand, almost every.

A cable bridge manufacturer is busy, but every company.

The profits from the industry are not optimistic, if the bridge industry still follows.

The original mode production, the profit will be smaller, the bridge industry needs.

Seek new profit growth point to comply with current situation and whole production.

The industry can develop better.

The market price of cable bridge products determines the order price.

There is a big rise, and there may even be a fall. In this

Under the circumstances, how can the higher profits be obtained and the production enterprises?

And the industry and industry on the path of sound development?

Profit = sales revenue - cost - tax - related administrative expenses,

Thus, in the case of sales revenue, only through health.

Low cost, tax, and related management fees to increase profits.

However, the tax cannot be reduced, and the related management cost is reduced.

Through the good operation of the enterprise quality management system, the article.

The feasibility of improving product profit by reducing costs is discussed.

Of course, the premise of reducing cost is to maintain the quality level of the product.

The cost is mainly composed of raw material cost and manufacturing cost.

This includes the production equipment cost, the production process of human resources.

This, and so on. Equipment investment is necessary, and the wages of the workers cannot be reduced at will.

Low, visible manufacturing cost reduction is limited, so only.

Can reduce the cost of raw materials to find a way, but, reduce the raw materials.

The cost cannot reduce the product quality level, this must carry on the technology.

Innovate, seek new production technology and product form.

As mentioned above, two important indicators of cable bridge: cable bridge.

The load-bearing capacity of the frame shall be less than the rated uniformly distributed load.

Charge, cable bridge should be able to adapt to different environmental requirements and have a longer.

Service life. So how do you reduce that?

The cost.

First, consider the carrying capacity of the cable bridge. To reduce

The cost of cable bridge is to reduce the thickness of the plate used.

How to make cable bridge to choose low thickness plate to meet the original load?

Ability requirements, or the selection of original thickness plate can meet the current situation and development prospect of the cable bridge.

Ability requirements will be the key to solving this problem. Now, for no

The same cable bridge is analyzed in detail:

(1) steel cable bridge. Because the structural strength of the profile is high.

For ordinary planar plates, the machine can be used or pressed.

Change the shape of the flat panel of the cable bridge to increase the strength. For example,

In the main structure of the cable bridge structure, the bottom plate, the help side, the cover plate all adopt the tile.

A corrugated structure, or a lumpy concave structure similar to a crawler, that causes electricity.

The strength of the cable bridge is increased. At the same time, the heat dissipation area increases, and its structure is.

The cable in cable bridge is also reduced by air permeability and heat exchange.

Energy loss. This kind of structure chooses low ply plank can satisfy original.

Carrying capacity requirements, this will greatly reduce the use of raw materials. orders,

Previously, both of these processes have been tried by the manufacturer, and both have good.

Use effect. If you go further in this direction, the future.

There should also be a more new type of cable bridge.

In addition, there are less cable and less cable.

The steel mesh can be used to replace steel plate.

Flexible assembly, suitable for all kinds of installation, convenient for air circulation.

It can effectively reduce the influence of electromagnetic interference. This kind of steel wire cable bridge pole.

The earth reduces the use of raw materials and effectively controls the raw materials.

Ben.

(2) aluminum alloy cable bridge. Aluminium alloy cable bridge because of its.

It is made of aluminum alloy profiles, structural strength or comparison.

High, in order to further enhance its strength, can be at the bridge ladder,

Steel reinforcement reinforcement is adopted in the horizontal and other parts so that it can be strengthened.

Reduce the thickness of plate properly.

(3) fiberglass cable bridge. Glass steel cable bridge because of.

To the effect of the properties of glass reinforced plastics, bearing, torsion and tensile.

There is a certain gap between the ability and the steel cable bridge, but because.

The characteristics of high corrosion resistance are widely used in chemical industry and other industries.

To improve the strength, we can learn from the aluminum alloy cable tray form, will.

The four sides are designed as hollow sections and can be lined with reinforcing bars.

Compared with the original structure, the same raw materials are consumed.

Improve the structure strength, and improve the anti-twist and tensile strength.

Secondly, from cable bridge to different environmental requirements and use.

Think about life. This point is mainly aimed at the steel cable bridge.

Think about it.

The steel cable bridge is based on the corrosion resistance of the bridge.

Hot dip galvanizing, thermosetting powder electrostatic spraying, electrogalvanizing, etc.

Surface treatment. Steel cable bridge made of 1.5mm sheet metal.

For example, the different surface treatment prices are: hot dip galvanizing.

3 000 yuan /t, thermosetting powder electrostatic spraying 800 yuan /t, galvanizing.

800 yuan/t. After 48 h salt spray test, hot dip galvanized sheet.

The surface gloss is slightly darker, the color is slightly faded but the coating has no corrosion point; thermosetting

The colour and lustre of powder electrostatic spraying coating have obvious change, but no gas.

Foam and other defects, the base metal rust-free point; The surface color of electrogalvanizing is obvious.

Change, the coating has a small number of corrosion points (the area of the corrosion point).

Less than or equal to 50 %), base metal without rust.

At present, Beijing and shenyang have developed high corrosion resistance.

Phase corrosion (VCI) bimetal composite coating and high corrosion - resistant bimetallic coating.

Layer technology is widely used in other metal surface treatments.

The composite coating with high corrosion resistance and corrosion inhibition is 750 h.

The salt spray test showed no obvious change on the surface of the sample.

The coating has a change of color on the coating with 240 h salt spray test.

Melt, but no bubble and other defects, base metal rustless point, and ordinary table.

The difference in face processing can be seen. So far, there have been companies.

Two technologies are used in the production of cable bridge, 1.5mm plate.

The steel cable bridge is manufactured for these two surface treatment prices.

It's only about 2,500 yuan /t. If the two technologies are widely transported.

Used in the production of cable bridge, according to different environmental conditions.

Adjusting the coating thickness will greatly reduce the surface of cable bridge.

The cost of processing.

At present, the process of metal surface treatment is constantly innovating, will.

The combination of suitable technology and cable bridge production is bound to be mentioned.

High product quality control product cost effectively.

4 conclusion

To sum up, the development of cable bridge industry.